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Signaling defects associated with insulin resistance in non-diabetic and diabetic individuals and modification by sex. The Journal of clinical investigation Haider, N., Lebastchi, J., Jayavelu, A. K., Batista, T. M., Pan, H., Dreyfuss, J. M., Carcamo-Orive, I., Knowles, J. W., Mann, M., Kahn, C. R. 2021

Abstract

Insulin resistance is present in one-quarter of the general population, predisposing to a wide-range of diseases. Our aim was to identify cell-intrinsic determinants of insulin resistance in this population using IPS cell-derived myoblasts (iMyos). We found that these cells exhibited a large network of altered protein phosphorylation in vitro. Integrating these data with data from type-2-diabetic iMyos revealed critical sites of conserved altered phosphorylation in IRS-1, AKT, mTOR and TBC1D1, in addition to changes in protein phosphorylation involved in Rho/Rac signaling, chromatin organization and RNA processing. There were also striking differences in the phosphoproteome in cells from males versus females. These sex-specific and insulin resistance defects were linked to functional differences in downstream actions. Thus, there are cell-autonomous signaling alterations associated with insulin resistance within the general population and important differences in males and females, many of which are shared with diabetes, and contribute to differences in physiology and disease.

View details for DOI 10.1172/JCI151818

View details for PubMedID 34506305