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Sequential Pembrolizumab and AVD is Highly Effective at any PD-L1 Expression Level in Untreated Hodgkin Lymphoma.
Sequential Pembrolizumab and AVD is Highly Effective at any PD-L1 Expression Level in Untreated Hodgkin Lymphoma. Blood advances Allen, P. B., Lu, X., Chen, Q., Kane, K. L., Chmiel, J. S., Barnea Slonim, L., Sukhanova, M., Savas, H., Evens, A. M., Advani, R., Pro, B., Karmali, R., Palmer, B., Bayer, R., Eisner, R. M., Mou, E., Dillehay, G., Gordon, L. I., Winter, J. N. 2022Abstract
In a multicenter, phase II investigator-initiated trial of sequential pembrolizumab and AVD, nearly two-thirds of patients with untreated unfavorable or advanced stage classic Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) achieved PET-defined complete or near complete metabolic responses (CMR) following 3 doses of pembrolizumab monotherapy. Furthermore, all achieved CMR following 2 cycles of AVD chemotherapy and 100% of patients were alive without relapse at the time of initial publication. We now report long-term follow-up, including 3-year OS and planned correlative analyses. Thirty patients received single agent pembrolizumab every 3 weeks x 3, followed by AVD chemotherapy for 4-6 cycles depending on stage and bulk. PET/CT scan was performed after pembrolizumab monotherapy, 2 cycles of AVD, and at the end of therapy. Baseline biopsy samples were analyzed for genomic alterations of chromosome 9p24.1 and PD-1 pathway markers by immunohistochemistry. At a median follow up of 33.1 months (range, 26.0-43.0), PFS and OS remain 100%. All patients had genomic alterations in 9p24.1 and were positive for PD-L1 by immunohistochemistry. There was no relationship between response to single agent pembrolizumumab measured by decline in metabolic tumor volume and 9p24.1 alterations or PD-1 pathway H-scores. With additional follow-up, sequential pembrolizumab and AVD remains highly effective. The high response rates observed at all PD-ligand levels suggest that even low levels of PD ligand expression are sufficient for response to PD-1 blockade in untreated cHL. An international phase II trial (NCT05008224) to confirm these findings is ongoing.
View details for DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008116
View details for PubMedID 36083129