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Stage Groupings of Stomach Cancer
Stage Groupings of Stomach Cancer
Once the doctor determines your T, N, and M stages, stage grouping is created. Stage grouping is used to determine your overall disease stage. It is expressed most often in Roman numerals from 0 (the least advanced) to IV (the most advanced stage). According to the National Cancer Institute, the following stage groupings are used for staging stomach cancer.
Also known as carcinoma in situ, the cancer is found only in the innermost layer of the stomach wall, called the mucosa, and has not spread anywhere else.
The cancer has grown in one of these ways.
- It is in the first and second layer of the stomach wall (mucosa and submucosa) and has spread to up to six lymph nodes very close to the tumor.
- The cancer is in the first and second layer of the stomach wall and has also invaded the muscle layer. It has not spread to lymph nodes or other organs.
The cancer has grown in one of these ways.
- It is only in the second layer of the stomach (submucosa) and has spread to seven to 15 lymph nodes very close to the tumor.
- It is in the third and maybe the fourth layer of the stomach wall (muscularis and subserosa) and has spread to one to six nearby lymph nodes.
- The cancer has gone through the outermost layer of the stomach wall. It has not spread to lymph nodes or other organs.
The cancer has grown in one of these ways.
- It is in the third layer of the stomach wall (the muscle layer) or subserosa and has spread to seven to 15 lymph nodes.
- It has invaded nearby organs, such as the liver or spleen. Cancer cells have not spread to lymph nodes or to distant organs.
- It has penetrated through all five layers of the stomach wall (including the outer layers called the subserosa and the serosa). The cancer has spread to one to 15 lymph nodes very close to the tumor.
The cancer has spread to nearby tissues and at least one lymph node, it has spread to more than 15 lymph nodes, or it has spread to distant parts of the body.
Clinical Trials
Clinical trials are research studies that evaluate a new medical approach, device, drug, or other treatment. As a Stanford Health Care patient, you may have access to the latest, advanced clinical trials.
Open trials refer to studies currently accepting participants. Closed trials are not currently enrolling, but may open in the future.